What array structure is in C# but not in C/C++/Java? -

i'm preparing exams , there's question can't find answer to. read bunch of articles, closest found was

arrays in c# come in 3 flavors: single-dimensional, multidimensional rectangular arrays (like c++ multidimensional arrays), , jagged arrays (arrays of arrays).

so suggests there's no jagged arrays in c++, exists in java. thing c# can have non-zero array lower-bound(like a[-1,3] or a[4,9]. considered different array structure?

c++

• so suggests there's no jagged arrays in c++

by same reading, block of text suggests c++ doesn't have single dimensional arrays. absurd!

c++ has both... can make int**, pointer pointer (so "array" of pointers, "array" of "arrays"), in c# can have int[][], array of int[]. c++ see various examples here. note syntax more c c++... in c++ should use std::array, here.

• another thing c# can have non-zero array lower-bound(like a[-1,3] or a[4,9])

this doesn't exist in c++... internally implemented in c# same code implements multi dimensional arrays, , exist historical reasons (pseudo-compatibility old versions of vb)

java

java doesn't have multi-dimensional arrays (see here). have jagged arrays, trick: if want can initialize jagged array has elements of same size in single command or if have different sizes/some of them can null, can initialize them manually.

int[][] num = new int[4][2]; 

vs

int[][] num = new int[4][]; num[0] = new int[1]; num[1] = new int[2]; num[2] = new int[3]; num[3] = new int[4]; 

so in end

                            c#    java  c++    single-dimensional array    x     x     x multi-dimensional array     x           x si.di. non-zero based array x mu.di. non-zero based array x jagged array                x     x     x